Tuesday, October 23, 2007

DIET TERMINOLOGY

Calorie : A measure used to express the energy value within foods.

Fat : A macronutrient that serves as a source for long-term energy and energy storage. Fats serve as a structural component for all cell membranes and assist in hormone production. Fat contains 9 calories per gram.

Protein : Nitrogen containing compounds found in all animal and vegetable tissue. The amino acids contained in protein are essential for growth and repair. Animal proteins contain all the necessary amino acid, to be immediately used by the body, while most vegetable protein do not. To be used by the body, vegetable protein has to be combined with other proteins to complete
the amino acid chain. Protein contains 4 calories per gram. These are the different protein we will be using:
Meat
Poultry, Eggs
Seafood
Whey protein isolate (made from milk curd, and low in lactose)
Soy protein isolate (vegetable protein derived from soybeans)

Carbohydrate : Organic compounds that are used as fuel source for the body. They are divided into two categories: simple and complex carbs. Simple carbs, like refined sugar or processed white flour products, usually have no fiber, so your body converts them into glucose much more quickly that complex carbs, which have more fiber (brown rice, oats, whole grains, fibrous vegetables) to slow digestion. Carbs contain 4 calories per gram.
Some examples of simple carbs:

lactose (milk sugar), fructose (fruit sugar), candies, syrups, and any
processed white flour product (like white bread).
Complex carbs can be broken down into two categories:

Starchy : unrefined whole grains, brown rice, oatmeal,
beans and tubers (potatoes, yams)

Fibrous : fiber rich vegetables like celery, carrots, whole oats

Glucose : A sugar that your body burns for energy. Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose and are either used by the body immediately, or stored in muscle tissue as glycogen.

Fiber : Insoluble, indigestible material found mostly in plant life. Fiber reduces the risk of colon cancer by decreasing waste transit time through the large intestine. In doing so, it also helps to quickly rid the body of toxins accumulated in the kidneys, liver, lymphatic and circulatory system.

Free Radicals : Free radicals are unstable molecules that disrupt the functions of and sometimes kill normal cells. This not only makes you more prone to illness by weakening your immune system, but it is widely believed that they may be involved in numerous chronic and life threatening diseases. Along with city living and job stress, strenuous exercise has been proven to increase the number of free radicals throughout the body. This is where
antioxidants come in. They are a group of compounds that seek out and destroy free radicals. Some powerful antioxidants include vitamin C, vitamin E, grape seed extract and NAC (N-acetyl-cysteine).

Glutathione : The most powerful antioxidant produced by the body.

From the Desk of A n t h o n y E l l i s

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